光伏组件是太阳能发电系统的核心和重要组成部分。它的作用是将太阳能转化为电能，送至蓄电池储存，或推动负载工作。你知道什么因素会影响光伏发电组件发力吗？

Photovoltaic module is the core and important component of solar power generation system. Its function is to convert solar energy into electric energy, send it to the battery for storage, or drive the load to work. Do you know what factors will affect the power generation of photovoltaic power generation modules?

1、防尘防雨的大型光伏电站一般建在戈壁地区，风沙大，降水少。同时清洁频率也不会太高。长期使用后效率损失在8%左右。

1. Large-scale photovoltaic power stations with dust and rain protection are generally built in the Gobi region, with heavy wind and sand and little precipitation. At the same time, the cleaning frequency will not be too high. The efficiency loss after long-term use is about 8%.

2、电池片开裂是电池的缺陷。由于晶体结构的特点，晶体硅电池容易破碎。硅模块的生产过程很长，很多环节都可能导致电池出现裂纹。开裂的根本原因可以概括为硅片的机械应力或热应力。

2. Cracking of the battery is the defect of the battery. Due to the characteristics of crystal structure, crystalline silicon battery is easy to break. The production process of silicon module is very long, and many links may cause cracks in the battery. The root cause of cracking can be summarized as mechanical stress or thermal stress of silicon wafer.

3、PID效应电位诱导衰减效应是电池模块长时间暴露在高电压下，使玻璃和封装材料之间产生漏电流，在电池表面产生大量电荷剪断，恶化了电池表面的钝化效果，导致模块性能低于设计标准。PID现象严重时，会造成某个部件功率衰减50%以上，从而影响整个系列的功率输出。高温、高湿、高盐度的沿海地区容易出现PID现象。

3. PID effect potential-induced attenuation effect is that the battery module is exposed to high voltage for a long time, resulting in leakage current between glass and packaging materials, and a large number of charge cuts on the battery surface, which worsens the passivation effect of the battery surface, resulting in the module performance lower than the design standard. When the PID phenomenon is serious, it will cause the power attenuation of a component to be more than 50%, thus affecting the power output of the whole series. PID phenomenon is easy to occur in coastal areas with high temperature, high humidity and high salinity.

部件PID现象有两个主要原因：

There are two main reasons for component PID phenomenon:

(1)电池原因：电池方块电阻的均匀性、减反射层的厚度和折射率对PID性能有不同的影响。

(1) Battery reason: the uniformity of battery block resistance, the thickness of antireflection layer and refractive index have different effects on PID performance.

(2)光伏组件原因：高温高湿的外界环境导致电芯和接地框架之间产生漏电流，封装材料、背板、玻璃和框架之间形成漏流通道。更换绝缘膜乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)是实现元器件防PID的途径之一。在使用不同EVA包装膜的条件下，元器件的抗PID性能会有所不同。此外，光伏组件中的玻璃主要是钠钙玻璃，玻璃对光伏组件PID现象的影响尚不清楚。

(2) Cause of PV module: the external environment of high temperature and humidity causes leakage current between the cell and the grounding frame, and leakage current channel is formed between the packaging material, backplane, glass and frame. Replacing the insulation film vinyl acetate (EVA) is one of the ways to realize the anti-PID of components. Under the condition of using different EVA packaging film, the anti-PID performance of components will be different. In addition, the glass in photovoltaic modules is mainly soda-lime glass, and the influence of glass on the PID phenomenon of photovoltaic modules is not clear.

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