在全球倡导可持续发展的大背景下，能源转型成为时代的必然趋势。对于工商业企业而言，降低能源成本、实现节能减排是提升竞争力的关键，而工商业光伏发电正逐渐成为企业实现这一目标的理想选择。

Against the backdrop of global advocacy for sustainable development, energy transformation has become an inevitable trend of the times. For industrial and commercial enterprises, reducing energy costs and achieving energy conservation and emission reduction are the key to enhancing competitiveness, and industrial and commercial photovoltaic power generation is gradually becoming an ideal choice for enterprises to achieve this goal.

工商业光伏发电的优势

The advantages of industrial and commercial photovoltaic power generation

1. 经济效益显著

1. Significant economic benefits

许多企业厂房都有大面积的闲置屋顶，通过安装光伏发电系统，能将这些弃置空间转化为稳定的收益来源。随着光伏造价成本的大幅下降，企业投资光伏发电项目的门槛降低。一方面，企业可以利用光伏发电参与 “削峰填谷”，在白天用电高峰期，光伏系统产生的电量优先供企业自用，节省高额的峰值电费；另一方面，多余的电量还能上网出售，赚取电价差。在一些实行 “两充两放” 电价政策的省份，企业的收益更为可观。据测算，一座 1MW 的工商业光伏电站，按常见的 80% 自用、20% 上网计算，25 年的纯收益至少可达 2140 万元 。

Many enterprise factories have large areas of idle roofs, and by installing photovoltaic power generation systems, these abandoned spaces can be converted into stable sources of income. With the significant decrease in the cost of photovoltaic power generation, the threshold for enterprises to invest in photovoltaic power generation projects has been lowered. On the one hand, enterprises can use photovoltaic power generation to participate in "peak shaving and valley filling". During the peak electricity consumption period during the day, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is prioritized for the enterprise's own use, saving high peak electricity costs; On the other hand, excess electricity can also be sold online to earn a difference in electricity prices. In some provinces that implement the "two charging and two discharging" electricity pricing policy, the profits of enterprises are more considerable. According to calculations, a 1MW industrial and commercial photovoltaic power station, with a common 80% self use and 20% grid connection calculation, can generate a net income of at least 21.4 million yuan over 25 years.

2. 合作模式灵活

2. Flexible cooperation mode

“合同能源管理（EMC）” 模式备受青睐。屋顶业主免费提供屋顶，由第三方投资建设光伏电站，电站资产归第三方所有，业主则可以折价使用电站产生的电力。这种模式对于业主来说，无需额外资金投入，就能降低用电成本；对于投资方而言，找到了可利用的屋顶资源，实现资金的增值，是一种双赢的合作方式。此外，“隔墙售电” 模式也在逐步推广，分布式光伏电站可直接将电力销售给周边用户，增加了收益途径，促进能源的高效利用。

The Contract Energy Management (EMC) model is highly favored. The rooftop owner provides the rooftop for free, and the photovoltaic power station is invested and constructed by a third party. The assets of the power station belong to the third party, and the owner can use the electricity generated by the power station at a discounted price. This model can reduce electricity costs for homeowners without requiring additional capital investment; For investors, finding usable rooftop resources and achieving capital appreciation is a win-win cooperation approach. In addition, the "wall to wall electricity sales" model is gradually being promoted, and distributed photovoltaic power stations can directly sell electricity to surrounding users, increasing revenue channels and promoting efficient energy utilization.

3. 节能减排助力

3. Energy conservation and emission reduction assistance

在我国，节能减排是重要的发展目标，到 2025 年，全国单位国内生产总值能源消耗比 2020 年要下降 13.5%，化学需氧量、氨氮、氮氧化物、挥发性有机物排放总量也有相应的下降指标。工商业光伏发电作为清洁能源，能帮助企业大幅减少碳排放。企业通过使用光伏电力，减少对传统火电的依赖，降低碳排放量，这些减少的碳排放量还可以在碳排放权交易市场出售，为企业带来额外收益。例如浙江的花园铜业有限公司和花园金波科技股份有限公司安装的 5.4 兆瓦工商业电站，预计年发电 540 万度，年均减排二氧化碳 4860 吨，这些减排量可用于交易获利。

In China, energy conservation and emission reduction are important development goals. By 2025, the energy consumption per unit of GDP in the country is expected to decrease by 13.5% compared to 2020, and there are corresponding reduction indicators for the total emissions of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds. As a clean energy source, commercial photovoltaic power generation can help companies significantly reduce carbon emissions. By using photovoltaic power, enterprises can reduce their dependence on traditional thermal power and lower their carbon emissions. These reduced carbon emissions can also be sold in the carbon emission trading market, bringing additional benefits to the enterprise. For example, the 5.4 MW industrial and commercial power station installed by Huayuan Copper Industry Co., Ltd. and Huayuan Jinbo Technology Co., Ltd. in Zhejiang is expected to generate 5.4 million kilowatt hours of electricity annually and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 4860 tons per year. These emissions reductions can be used for trading profits.

4. 改善工作环境

4. Improve the working environment

对于一些高温厂房，光伏电站在屋顶形成隔热保温层，增加了空气流通，减少阳光直射，能为厂房有效降低温度 3℃ - 5℃。这不仅降低了企业的降温能耗成本，也改善了工人的工作环境，提高了工作舒适性，减少了夏季降温设备的使用和相关成本。

For some high-temperature factories, photovoltaic power plants form a thermal insulation layer on the roof, increasing air circulation and reducing direct sunlight, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the factory by 3 ℃ -5 ℃. This not only reduces the cooling energy consumption cost of enterprises, but also improves the working environment of workers, enhances work comfort, and reduces the use of summer cooling equipment and related costs.

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