Stabilize cash flow and increase enterprise income

很多的工商业老板并未意识到，闲置的大面积屋顶是宝贵资源，特别是生产性企业屋顶少则几千平多则几万平。如果在这些屋顶上都安装上光伏电站，可以盘活企业固定资产，增加稳定的流，企业效益变得更好。

Many industrial and commercial bosses do not realize that the idle large area roof is a valuable resource, especially for productive enterprises, the roof is as few as thousands of square meters and as many as tens of thousands of square meters. If photovoltaic power stations are installed on these roofs, the fixed assets of enterprises can be revitalized, stable cash flow can be increased, and the benefits of enterprises will become better.

企业用电量大，峰值电费高，安装光伏发电后，企业可以自发自用，余电上网。

Enterprises have large electricity consumption and high peak electricity charges. After photovoltaic power generation is installed, enterprises can spontaneously use their own electricity and use the remaining electricity online.

节省峰值电费，余电上网销售

Save peak electricity charges and sell surplus electricity online

特别是高耗能的生产性企业，安装光伏电站可以节省很多的电费支出，不仅可以省钱，还能赚钱。对于分厘必争的生产性企业来说，光伏发电的收益率相比很多传统生产企业高了很多，非常值得投资。。

Especially for productive enterprises with high energy consumption, the installation of photovoltaic power stations can save a lot of electricity costs, which can not only save money, but also make money. For the productive enterprises that must compete for every penny, the yield of photovoltaic power generation is much higher than that of many traditional production enterprises, which is very worthy of investment..

促进节能减排，产生良好的社会效益

Promote energy conservation and emission reduction to produce good social benefits

每个地方政府都会给生产性企业下达节能减排指标，部分高耗能企业无法完成，只能接受高额的罚款。安装光伏电站可以完成节能减排能效，没有地域限制，只需要在限制的屋顶上安装一套光伏系统，就可以达到节能减排目标。无噪音、无辐射、无排放、无污染等多种优点，光伏发电已经成为中大型企业的必选配置。

Each local government will issue energy conservation and emission reduction targets to productive enterprises. Some energy-consuming enterprises cannot complete the targets and can only accept high fines. The installation of photovoltaic power stations can achieve energy efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction. There is no geographical limit. Only one set of photovoltaic system needs to be installed on the restricted roof to achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. With the advantages of no noise, no radiation, no emission, no pollution and so on, photovoltaic power generation has become a necessary configuration for large and medium-sized enterprises.

隔热防寒，增加环境舒适性

Heat insulation and cold protection to increase environmental comfort

很多的生产性企业都是彩钢瓦屋顶或者小平层，到了炎夏就需要高额的降温成本。光伏板具有隔热的功能，在屋顶上铺上光伏组件后，可以有效地降低楼下厂房的温度。可以让楼下工人更加舒适的工作，生产设备也能平稳运行，间接降低了企业的空调、风扇和冰块的降温成本。

Many productive enterprises have colored steel tile roofs or small flat floors, which need high cooling costs in the hot summer. Photovoltaic panels have the function of heat insulation. After laying photovoltaic modules on the roof, the temperature of the downstairs workshop can be effectively reduced. It can make the workers downstairs work more comfortable, and the production equipment can also run smoothly, which indirectly reduces the cooling costs of the air conditioner, fan and ice.

工商业分布式光伏申请需提供的资料

Information to be provided for industrial and commercial distributed photovoltaic applications

法人申请需提供：

Legal person application shall provide:

1、经办人身份证复印件，法人委托书原件、法人代表身份证复印件；

1. A copy of the ID card of the handler, the original of the power of attorney of the legal person, and the copy of the ID card of the legal representative;

2、法人银行卡正反面复印件；

2. Copy of front and back of corporate bank card;

3、项目前期工作相关资料（电气接线图、设备清单、主要设备说明书及认证资料、资质证书）；

3. Relevant data of the preliminary work of the project (electrical wiring diagram, equipment list, main equipment specification and certification data, qualification certificate);

4、投资方、每个用电方三证（组织机构代码证、税务登记证、营业执照）、土地证、房产证；

4. Three certificates (organization code certificate, tax registration certificate and business license), land certificate and house property certificate of the investor and each power user;

5、投资方如租赁（或使用）其他用户屋顶所有者，使用合法或租赁协议（整租协议或分组合同／协议）项目合法性和支持性文件。

5. The investor, such as leasing (or using) the roof owner of other users, uses legal or leasing agreement (whole lease agreement or group contract/agreement) project legitimacy and supporting documents.

投资屋顶光伏需要注意的事项

Precautions for investment in rooftop PV

屋顶资源项目勘察

Roof resource project survey

分布式屋顶光伏勘察属于项目的前期工作，通过实地勘察，搜集屋顶相关资料，为后续方案设计和投资收益分析做准备。实际的屋顶结构形式多样，业主对屋顶光伏的可行性、装机容量、投资收益、合作模式等问题也十分关注。

Distributed roof photovoltaic survey is the preliminary work of the project. Through field survey, collect roof-related data to prepare for the subsequent scheme design and investment income analysis. The actual roof structure forms are various, and the owner is also very concerned about the feasibility, installed capacity, investment income, cooperation mode and other issues of roof photovoltaic.

一、当地资源情况

1、 Local resources

分布式光伏选址应优先选择太阳辐照量大、阴雨天气少、污染程度小的地区。若企业靠近海边，需考虑防盐雾防腐蚀、抗台风措施；企业所在地区沙尘大则需考虑防风沙和增加清洗的措施；若在寒冷地区则需要考虑防冻和除雪措施。

The location of distributed PV should give priority to the areas with large solar radiation, less rainy weather and low pollution. If the enterprise is close to the sea, it is necessary to consider salt spray, corrosion and typhoon prevention measures; If the area where the enterprise is located is dusty, it is necessary to consider measures to prevent wind and sand and increase cleaning; If it is in cold areas, antifreezing and snow removal measures need to be considered.

二、当地光伏扶持政策情况

2、 Local PV support policies

各地为了推动分布式光伏发展，纷纷出台省级、市级甚至县级的扶持政策。项目开发人员在项目开发前期需提前需熟悉这些政策，作为目前还需政府补贴发展的光伏产业，补贴政策的好坏直接影响了分布式的收益，因此当地政策好的分布式项目宜优先开发。

In order to promote the development of distributed photovoltaic, various regions have introduced provincial, municipal and even county-level support policies. Project developers need to be familiar with these policies in advance at the early stage of project development. As a photovoltaic industry that still needs government subsidies, the quality of the subsidy policy directly affects the distributed income. Therefore, distributed projects with good local policies should be developed first.

三、企业实力及所经营行业

3、 Enterprise strength and industry

光伏电站的寿命超过20年，在分布式电站开发时要考业主的存续，宜优先选择企业实力强、行业前景好、企业经营规范、财务正规的业主合作。

The service life of photovoltaic power stations is more than 20 years. The survival of the owners should be considered in the development of distributed power stations. Priority should be given to the cooperation of owners with strong enterprise strength, good industry prospects, standardized enterprise operation and formal finance.

企业性质以国企、上市企业和外企为好，这些企业信用度高，在后期电费收缴、结算时一般均不存在问题。

The nature of enterprises is better than state-owned enterprises, listed enterprises and foreign enterprises. These enterprises have high credit rating and generally have no problems in the collection and settlement of electricity charges in the later period.

业主企业的经营行业对建设分布式光伏电站也有影响，若企业生产易燃易爆危险品、排放腐蚀性的气体、排放大量烟尘等，都不适宜建设分布式光伏电站。

The operation industry of the owner enterprise also has an impact on the construction of distributed photovoltaic power stations. If the enterprise produces flammable and explosive dangerous goods, emits corrosive gases, and emits a large amount of smoke and dust, it is not suitable for the construction of distributed photovoltaic power stations.

电价高用电量大的工业、商业屋顶属于好屋顶的资源，如大型的工业企业、商场等；其次是用电量不大、电价也不高的业主单位，如学校和医院屋顶、市政楼堂馆所、物流中心屋顶等。

Industrial and commercial roofs with high electricity price and large power consumption are the best roof resources, such as large industrial enterprises and shopping malls; The second is the owner units with low electricity consumption and low electricity price, such as the roofs of schools and hospitals, municipal buildings, and logistics centers.

四、建筑屋顶情况

4、 Building roof condition

建筑产权归属、设计使用寿命、材质、面积和朝向等也直接影响了分布式光伏电站是否可行及安装量。

The ownership of building property, design service life, material, area and orientation also directly affect the feasibility and installation of distributed photovoltaic power stations.

建筑产权归企业业主或当地政府所有，则适宜开发；租赁的厂房不适宜。同时工业厂房屋顶一般是彩钢板，在项目开发时需了解屋顶能使用的年限，年限太短不适宜进行开发。

If the building property is owned by the enterprise owner or local government, it is suitable for development; The leased plant is not suitable. At the same time, the roof of industrial plant is generally made of color steel plate. During project development, it is necessary to know the service life of the roof. The service life is too short for development.

单个企业屋顶面积或屋顶总面积好不少于10000平方米的屋顶（约可安装1MW）。同时踏勘时需量出屋顶方位角、屋顶倾斜角度和周围遮挡物如女儿墙的高度，以便后期确定系统装机量和发电量。

The roof area or total roof area of a single enterprise should be no less than 10000 square meters (about 1MW can be installed). At the same time, it is necessary to measure the roof azimuth angle, roof tilt angle and the height of the surrounding shelter, such as the parapet, so as to determine the installed capacity and power generation of the system in the later stage.

五、建筑屋面荷载

5、 Building roof load

屋面荷载分为恒荷载和可变荷载。

Roof load is divided into dead load and variable load.

恒荷载是指结构自重及灰尘荷载等，光伏电站需要运营25年，其自重属于恒荷载。通常钢结构厂房上装光伏系统每平米会增加15公斤的重量，砖混结构厂房的屋顶每平米会增加80公斤的重量。在项目考察时，需要着重查看建筑设计说明中恒荷载的设计值，并落实除屋面自重外，是否额外增加其他荷载，如管道、吊置设备、屋面附属物等，并落实恒荷载是否有裕量能够安装光伏电站。

Dead load refers to the dead weight of the structure and dust load, etc. The photovoltaic power station needs to operate for 25 years, and its dead weight belongs to dead load. Generally, the weight of the photovoltaic system installed on the steel structure plant will increase by 15 kg per square meter, and the weight of the roof of the brick-concrete structure plant will increase by 80 kg per square meter. During the project investigation, it is necessary to focus on the design value of the dead load in the architectural design description, and determine whether other loads are added in addition to the roof dead weight, such as pipes, suspended equipment, roof accessories, and determine whether there is margin for the dead load to install the photovoltaic power station.

可变荷载是考虑极限状况下暂时施加于屋面的荷载，分为风荷载、雪荷载、地震荷载、活荷载等，是不可以占用的。特殊情况下，活荷载可以作为分担光伏电站荷载的选项，但不可以占用过多，需要具体分析。

Variable load refers to the load temporarily imposed on the roof under the limit condition. It is divided into wind load, snow load, seismic load, live load, etc., and cannot be occupied. Under special circumstances, the live load can be used as an option to share the load of the photovoltaic power station, but it cannot occupy too much, which requires specific analysis.

在项目踏勘时，需要项目开发人员从业主方获取房屋结构图，便于计算屋顶荷载。

During the project survey, the project developer is required to obtain the house structure drawing from the owner to calculate the roof load.

六、屋顶支架型式

6、 Roof support type

建筑屋顶主要有彩钢瓦、陶瓷瓦、钢混等几种，彩钢瓦分为直立锁边型、咬口型型、卡扣型型、固定件连接型。前两种需要专用转接件，后两种需要打孔固定；陶瓷瓦屋面可以使用专用转接件，也可以不与屋面固定，利用自重和屋面坡度附着其上；钢混结构屋面需要制作支架基础，基础与屋面可以生根也可以不生根，关键考虑屋面防水、抗风载能力、屋面设计荷载等因素。

The roof of the building mainly includes color steel tile, ceramic tile, steel concrete, etc. The color steel tile is divided into vertical locking type, bite type, buckle type, and fastener connection type. The first two need special adapters, and the latter two need to be punched and fixed; The ceramic tile roof can be attached to it by its own weight and roof slope without using special adapters or fixed with the roof; The steel-concrete structure roof needs to make a support foundation. The foundation and roof can take root or not. The key consideration is roof waterproof, wind load resistance, roof design load and other factors.

七、配电设施及并网点

7、 Distribution facilities and connection points

配电设备是光伏电站选择并网方案的根据之一，主要考查内容有：

The power distribution equipment is one of the bases for selecting the grid-connected scheme of the photovoltaic power station, and the main contents of the examination include:

1）厂区变压器容量、数量、母联、负荷比例等；

1) Capacity, quantity, buscouple, load ratio, etc. of transformer in the plant;

2）厂区计量表位置、母排规格、开关规格型号等；

2) The location of the meter in the plant, the specification of the busbar, the specification and model of the switch, etc;

3）厂区是否配备独立的配电室，是否配电设备是否有备用的间隔，如没有是否可以压接母排；

3) Whether the plant is equipped with an independent power distribution room, whether the power distribution equipment has a spare interval, and if not, whether the bus can be crimped;

4）优先选择变压器总容量大，负荷比例大的用户；

4) Priority shall be given to users with large total transformer capacity and large load proportion;

5）查看进线总开关的容量，考虑收益问题，光伏发电系统的输出电流不宜大于户用开关的容量；

5) Check the capacity of the main switch of the incoming line. Considering the income, the output current of the photovoltaic power generation system should not be greater than the capacity of the household switch;

6）以走线方便节约的原则，考虑逆变器、并网柜的安装位置。

6) In the principle of convenient and economical wiring, consider the installation position of inverter and grid-connected cabinet.

八、用户用电量及用电价格

8、 Consumer electricity consumption and electricity price

分布式光伏发电项目重要的就是所发电量就地消耗，因此需要考察：

The most important thing of distributed photovoltaic power generation project is the local consumption of the generated energy. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate:

1）企业年、月、日均用电量，白天用电量、用电高峰时段及比例；

1) Average annual, monthly and daily electricity consumption of enterprises, daytime electricity consumption, peak hours and proportion of electricity consumption;

2）企业用电价格，白天用电加权价格。

2) The price of electricity used by enterprises is the weighted price of electricity used during the day.