在国外太阳能光伏车棚非常普及，它主要是将光伏组件和车棚顶结合在一起，既能满足停车需求，又能向电网供电，增加收益，而且光伏发电节能环保。目前，随着新能源车辆的增多，国内也开始大力推广太阳能光伏车棚，以满足当前停车充电的需求。

Solar photovoltaic car sheds are very popular in foreign countries. It mainly combines photovoltaic modules with the roof of the car sheds, which can not only meet the parking demand, but also supply power to the grid, increase income, and save energy and environmental protection for photovoltaic power generation. At present, with the increase of new energy vehicles, China has also begun to vigorously promote solar photovoltaic car sheds to meet the current demand for parking and charging.

光伏车棚产生背景及特点

Background and characteristics of photovoltaic car shed

光伏发电系统是利用太阳能电池直接将太阳能转换成电能的发电系统。它的主要部件是光伏组件、逆变器、控制器。其特点是可靠性高、使用寿命长、不污染环境、能独立发电又能并网运行，具有广阔的发展前景。

Photovoltaic power generation system is a power generation system that uses solar cells to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Its main components are photovoltaic modules, inverters and controllers. It is characterized by high reliability, long service life, no environmental pollution, independent power generation and grid-connected operation, and has broad development prospects.

光伏车棚应运而生，将光伏组件和车棚顶结合在一起，比在车棚顶部再加装光伏组件节省了成本，不但能实现传统车棚的所有功能，还能发电给业主带来收益。一般采用钢结构支架，简单、大方、时尚、美观，且为清洁环保的新能源，有效缓解社会的环境和能源压力。

Photovoltaic car sheds came into being. Combining photovoltaic modules with the roof of the car sheds can save costs compared with installing photovoltaic modules on the roof of the car sheds. It can not only realize all functions of the traditional car sheds, but also generate electricity to bring benefits to the owners. Generally, steel structure support is used, which is simple, generous, fashionable and beautiful, and it is a clean and environment-friendly new energy, effectively relieving the social environmental and energy pressure.

尤其分布式光伏并网系统，指采用光伏组件将太阳能直接转换为电能的用户侧并网发电系统。此系统位于用户附近，所发电能就地利用，以10千伏及以下电压等级接入电网，且单个并网点（380V）总装机容量不超过6兆瓦的发电项目，220V用户侧单个并网点总装机容量不超过8千瓦。

In particular, distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system refers to the user-side grid-connected power generation system that uses photovoltaic modules to directly convert solar energy into electric energy. This system is located near the user, and the generated power can be used locally. It is connected to the power grid at the voltage level of 10kV and below, and the total installed capacity of a single grid connection point (380V) does not exceed 6 MW. The total installed capacity of a single grid connection point on the 220V user side does not exceed 8 kW.

光伏车棚的种类

Types of PV car shed

光伏车棚的种类分为双车位车棚、多车位车棚，大多为模块化设计，可单独使用或多个组合，便于扩展，少则几个车位，多则几百个车位，灵活性强。若采用普通的光伏组件，整体造价较低。若装机容量大，收益率较高，投资回收期短。

The types of photovoltaic car sheds are divided into double-car sheds and multi-car sheds. Most of them are modular design, which can be used alone or in combination, which is easy to expand, from a few parking spaces to hundreds of parking spaces, with strong flexibility. If ordinary PV modules are used, the overall cost is low. If the installed capacity is large, the yield is high and the payback period of investment is short.

光伏车棚的应用范围

Application scope of photovoltaic car shed

工业园区可在原有车棚基础上评估后安装光伏发电，学校、医院、小区等可以根据光照情况，选车棚顶部能有阳光直射的地方进行安装。另外，还可以建设智能停车引导系统，以便快速地引导车辆。智能运维系统还可时刻关注光伏发电的具体情况。

Photovoltaic power generation can be installed in the industrial park after evaluation on the basis of the original car shed. Schools, hospitals, communities, etc. can choose a place with direct sunlight on the top of the car shed for installation according to the light conditions. In addition, an intelligent parking guidance system can be built to guide vehicles quickly. The intelligent operation and maintenance system can also pay attention to the specific situation of photovoltaic power generation at all times.

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